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Safety of deep sedation in young children with sickle cell disease: a retrospective cohort study

key information

source: The Journal of Pediatrics

year: 2015

authors: Belmont AP, Nossair F, Brambilla D, Friedman M, Boswinkel J, Bradford AB, Kwiatkowski JL

summary/abstract:

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the rates and types of complications associated with deep sedation in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and to explore potential risk factors.

STUDY DESIGN:
This was a retrospective cohort study of children with SCD and a comparison group of children without SCD who underwent magnetic resonance imaging with deep sedation. The rates of general and SCD-associated sedation complications were calculated, and potential associated clinical and laboratory variables were assessed.

RESULTS:
A total of 162 sedation records in 94 subjects with SCD and 324 sedation records in 321 subjects without SCD were assessed (mean age, 4.3 years in both groups). Pentobarbital, fentanyl, and midazolam were used in the majority of sedation episodes without routine presedation transfusion. Sedation-related complication rates did not differ significantly between the SCD and comparison groups. Within 1 month after the sedation procedure, 17 children (10%) experienced a vaso-occlusive pain episode (VOE), and 2 children (1.2%) developed acute chest syndrome. Preprocedure and postprocedure rates of these complications did not differ significantly. Subjects who developed VOE after sedation had a significantly higher VOE rate before sedation, but no other significant clinical or laboratory risk factors were identified.

CONCLUSION:
Deep sedation in young children with SCD using a standard protocol is safe, with a sedation-related complication rate comparable to that of the general pediatric population. The observed rate of VOE, although not significantly higher than expected, warrants further investigation.

organization: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; RTI International, Rockville; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.01.054

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